Antarctic marine life under pressure

Next week, the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) convenes in Hobart, Tasmania, to examine the state of marine life in the Southern Ocean. As part of the Antarctic Treaty System, this convention entered into force in 1982, and its focus on the region’s environmental integrity has never been more important, given the increasing effects of climate change and commercial fishing. An important focus over the past 40 years has been Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba (hereafter krill), a keystone species that helps to hold this marine ecosystem together. Climate and fishing stresses should prompt the CCAMLR to address whether management of krill fishing is at a level that protects the Southern Ocean from losing its overall balance of marine life and the oceanic processes that regulate global climate. </jats:p

Successful Australia-Japan collaboration and student mentoring

第6回極域科学シンポジウム[OB] 極域生物圏11月16日（月）　統計数理研究所 セミナー室1（D305

Properties of lubricants for refrigeration system with the low GWP refrigerants

For the prevention of global warming, various low GWP refrigerants (R1234yf, R1234ze, R448A, R449A, R452A, R452B, R454B etc.) were proposed as the alternative to HFC refrigerants for refrigeration system. In this report, the combinations of the low GWP refrigerants and lubricants were evaluated. The evaluation items are physical properties (miscibility, solubility, viscosity, and electric property)and thermal stability

Ecosystem complexity on the Kerguelen Axis: the need for integrated ecosystem studies and sustained coordinated monitoring

第6回極域科学シンポジウム[OB] 極域生物圏11月16日（月）　統計数理研究所 セミナー室1（D305

Australia and Japan collaboration in Antarctic Science: 2nd Phase

第3回極域科学シンポジウム/第34回極域生物シンポジウム 11月26日（月） 統計数理研究所 ３階セミナー

The variability in abundance of eugregarines living in the Antarctic krill

The variability in abundance of eugregarines associated with the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba was studied using samples collected from the vicinity of the Antarctic Peninsula. Body length, maturity stage and moult stage with respect to variation in eugregarines infection in krill were examined. Body length was significantly correlated with abundance of eugregarines. The interaction between moult stage and maturity stage was statistically analyzed by ANCOVA with body length as the covariate. The analysis of moult stage did not show a significant effect on abundance of eugregarines while the interaction between maturity stage and body length showed significance. Larger krill have more eugregarines than smaller krill at the same maturity stage. Body length appears to be the most important factor determining the abundance of eugregarines

Australia\u27s current and future Southern Ocean routine marine observations

第2回極域科学シンポジウム/第33回極域生物シンポジウム 11月17日（木） 統計数理研究所 3階セミナー室

Zooplankton community structure and dominant copepod population structure on the southern Kerguelen Plateau during summer 2016

The Tenth Symposium on Polar Science/Ordinary sessions: [OB] Polar Biology, Wed. 4 Dec. / 3F Multipurpose conference room, National Institute of Polar Researc

ショウライ ノ ニチゴウ ナンキョク ケンキュウ キョウリョク タイセイ ニ カンスル ワークショップ

日豪両国間における南極研究の情報交換ならびに将来への協力関係の更なる発展と強化に資する目的で日豪南極研究協力体制に関するワークショップが2008年6月12日、オーストラリア南極局から4名、国立極地研究所から10数名の研究者の参加のもと開催された。研究協力、プロジェクトの検討及びその合意に向けて、さらにそれを両国の研究計画に反映させるためには、さらなる実務レベルでの話し合いが必要であるとの認識で一致した。本ワークショップは2009年前半までに日豪南極研究合同セミナーを開催する必要がある旨合意した。A workshop on future Australian-Japanese Antarctic cooperation was held on 12 June 2008 to exchange scientific information and to initiate a dialog to explore the way forward to further enhance and strengthen collaboration in Antarctic science between the two nations. The workshop was attended by four Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) scientists and more than ten National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR) scientists. Through a series of presentations detailing both countries\u27 projects, and the following discussion, the workshop agreed that there are compelling reasons for holding a joint seminar between Australia and Japan by early next year to prioritize and agree to areas of collaboration, and outline the sorts of projects to be reflected in research plans of both countries

The application of optical coherence tomography to image subsurface tissue structure of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba

Many small open ocean animals, such as Antarctic krill, are an important part of marine ecosystems. To discover what will happen to animals such as krill in a changing ocean, experiments are run in aquaria where conditions can be controlled to simulate water characteristics predicted to occur in the future. The response of individual animals to changing water conditions can be hard to observe, and with current observation techniques it is very difficult to follow the progress of an individual animal through its life. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging technique that allows images at high resolution to be obtained from depths up to a few millimeters inside biological specimens. It is compatible with in vivo imaging and can be used repeatedly on the same specimens. In this work, we show how OCT may be applied to post mortem krill samples and how important physiological data such as shell thickness and estimates of organ volume can be obtained. Using OCT we find an average value for the thickness of krill exoskeleton to be (30±4) µm along a 1 cm length of the animal body. We also show that the technique may be used to provide detailed imagery of the internal structure of a pleopod joint and provide an estimate for the heart volume of (0.73±0.03) mm3